This article is written by Suryesh K Namdeo, Visiting Scholar at the DST Centre for Policy Research, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru.

  • The problem: Important policy decisions often require scientific evidence. However, the vast majority of scientists are not trained in communicating science to policymakers.
  • Why it matters: Science and technology can play a crucial role in addressing global challenges. Hence, it is essential to have greater engagement of scientists with policymakers.
  • The solution: Train scientists to be effective communicators and provide a platform for them to engage with policymakers.

Global issues such as the management of technological innovations, the promotion of economic growth and the mitigation of climate change and biodiversity loss all depend on the continual interaction and communication between scientific and policymaking communities. By working with scientists, policymakers can better understand these complicated problems, identify viable solutions and obtain scientific data to evaluate various policy options.

Further, engaging with scientists can help policymakers build public trust and confidence. Policymakers can show that they are acting in the public's best interest and not merely based on political or ideological considerations by basing their decisions on scientific facts. On the other side, scientists gain by engaging with policymakers as these are the people who decide on the quality and quantity of research funding and the regulatory policies for research and development.

Why communication often fails

This science-policy collaboration typically takes place in expert or advisory committees established for major policy concerns. In these advisory committees, scientists can offer evidence and counsel to decision-makers. These committees, which typically include specialists from many different sectors, aim to ensure that policy decisions are based on the best available evidence. However, several differences exist between science and policy communities in terms of priorities, terminologies, timelines and accountability mechanisms.

Additionally, there is frequently a lack of mutual respect and trust; different understandings of how evidence is produced and used; and divergent attitudes about information between the science and policy communities. Listed below are some strategies and methods that scientists might take into consideration in light of these possibilities and obstacles in order to engage and communicate their science effectively to policymakers.

8 ways to communicate science effectively

  1. Understand the needs and requirements of policymakers: Understanding the educational background, personal interests and degree of expertise of policymakers is crucial. Use simple language to explain scientific ideas and adjust your message to the audience's degree of comprehension.
  2. Engage in dialogue: Converse openly and honestly with policymakers. Be open to hearing their opinions and concerns, and be prepared to respond to inquiries. Use the discussion to establish a relationship and foster trust.
  3. Be objective, clear and concise: Policymakers do not have much time to read in-depth technical papers. Be sure to be succinct and straightforward when addressing policymakers in your communications. Avoid jargon and speak plainly. Additionally, it is crucial to refrain from using insulting language or sentimental arguments. Keep it simple and let the information speak for itself.
  4. Focus on the policy implications of your research: The potential applications of your research for decision-making could be of interest to policymakers. Be sure to emphasise the policy implications of your research in your communications.
  5. Use scenario-based exercises and case studies: If science training for policymakers is to be conducted, it should be in the form of an interactive activity. It could involve either a simple hands-on experiment, interactive scenario exercise or case studies.
  6. Partner with science communicators: Science communicators can assist in translating scientific knowledge into understandable language for the general public and policymakers. To ensure that your research is accurately and efficiently communicated, work with specialist science communicators.
  7. Be aware of the political context: Policymaking is a political process, and policymakers are influenced by a variety of factors, including public opinion, the views of interest groups and budgets. When communicating with policymakers, be sure to be aware of the political context.
  8. Use visuals and stories: Information presented visually or in the form of a narrative is easier for policymakers to recall. Use charts, graphs and graphics to help demonstrate your views when speaking with politicians. Additionally, use anecdotes, stories and examples to highlight the significance of your findings.

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